Electrical Characteristics
The capacitance CP should be chosen in the range of:
CS ÷ 20 ≤ CP ≤ CS ÷ 10
Eqn. 14
The stabilization delays shown in Table 20 are dependant on PLL operational settings and external
component selection (for example, the crystal and XFC filter).
3.8.2.1 Jitter Information
With each transition of the clock fCMP, the deviation from the reference clock fREF is measured and input
voltage to the VCO is adjusted accordingly. The adjustment is done continuously with no abrupt changes
in the clock output frequency. Noise, voltage, temperature and other factors cause slight variations in the
control loop resulting in a clock jitter. This jitter affects the real minimum and maximum clock periods as
illustrated in Figure 4. It is important to note that the pre-scaler used by timers and serial modules will
eliminate the effect of PLL jitter to a large extent.
0
1
2
3
N–1
N
tMIN1
tNOM
tMAX1
tMIN(N)
tMAX(N)
Figure 4. Jitter Definitions
The relative deviation of tNOM is at its maximum for one clock period, and decreases towards zero for
larger number of clock periods (N). Thus, jitter is defined as:
J(N)
=
max⎝⎛
1
–
t--M----A---X---(--N-----)
N ⋅ tNOM
,
1
–
-t--M----I-N---(---N----)-
N ⋅ tNOM
⎞
⎠
Eqn. 15
For N < 100, the following equation is a good fit for the maximum jitter:
J(N)
=
---j-1---
N
+
j2
Eqn. 16
J(N)
01
5
10
15
20
N
Figure 5. Maximum Bus Clock Jitter Approximation
MAC7100 Microcontroller Family Hardware Specifications, Rev. 1.2
Freescale Semiconductor
Preliminary
17